Product Name: 1,2-Bis(Triethoxysilyl)Ethane
Chemical Formula: C14H34O6Si2
CAS Number: 16068-37-4
Synonyms: Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane, BTSE, Silyl-Ethane
Recommended Use: Used as a coupling agent, surface modifier, crosslinking agent in coatings, adhesives, and sealants industries
Manufacturer Info: Available from various industrial chemicals suppliers, contact numbers and production addresses vary by region
Emergency Contact: Refer to label or local supplier's emergency hotline for specific response coordination in case of spills, fire, or exposure incidents
Classification: Flammable liquid, Eye irritation, Skin irritation
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness, harmful if swallowed
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Flame
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, keep away from sources of ignition or heat, wash thoroughly after handling, wear protective gloves and eye protection
Specific Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixture with air, contact with water may generate heat and ethanol, inadequate ventilation increases risk of symptoms
Chemical Name: 1,2-Bis(Triethoxysilyl)Ethane
Common Name: Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane
CAS Number: 16068-37-4
Content: >95% by weight
Impurities: Ethanol (may be present as a decomposition product), other silane traces from manufacturing
Molecular Weight: 338.6 g/mol
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately, keep person breathing comfortably, seek medical advice if symptoms develop such as dizziness or difficulty breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash affected area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, do not delay in seeking medical attention if irritation or redness continues
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy to do, continue rinsing, get medical help if eye pain or vision changes occur
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly, call poison center right away, monitor for abdominal pain, do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, obtain medical treatment without delay
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam or alcohol-resistant foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Avoid water jets as chemical may react slowly with water
Special Hazards: May emit toxic fumes under fire conditions including carbon oxides, silicon oxides, ethanol vapors
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing
Advice: Remove containers from fire area if safe, no actions should be taken if personal safety is at risk, cool surrounding containers with water spray to prevent pressure buildup
Personal Precautions: Wear protective gloves, chemical goggles, impervious footwear and clothing, use respiratory protection if exposure limits may be exceeded, avoid breathing vapor or mist
Environmental Precautions: Prevent additionally spilled material from entering drains, sewers, surface and ground water
Methods for Containment: Contain spill with inert material such as sand or earth, do not flush with water, stop leak if safe to do so
Cleaning-Up Methods: Absorb residue with inert material, collect in containers for disposal, ventilate area, decontaminate spill area with detergent and excessive water after collection
Precautions for Safe Handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not breathe vapors, only use in well-ventilated areas or with local exhaust ventilation, keep away from ignition sources, prevent static discharge and ground all equipment
Conditions for Safe Storage: Store in original tightly closed containers, keep out of direct sunlight and away from moisture or water, store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, segregate from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers or acids, check containers regularly for leaks, store at recommended temperature range specified by manufacturer
Control Parameters: No established occupational exposure limits for this substance, ethanol TLV-TWA may apply if exposure to vapors present
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, process enclosures, use explosion-proof equipment if conditions warrant
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, chemical resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile), protective clothing, suitable face protection, chemical-resistant apron for large volume use
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved air-purifying respirator with an organic vapor cartridge if airborne concentration exceeds exposure limits or if ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and at end of workday, keep contaminated clothing separate from other laundry, do not eat, drink, or smoke when handling this material
Appearance: Clear to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, reminiscent of ethanol
Odor Threshold: Threshold varies, typically detectable at moderate vapor concentrations
pH: Not applicable (does not dissolve in water)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: <-60°C (estimated)
Initial Boiling Point and Boiling Range: 290°C (approximate, decomposes)
Flash Point: 91°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slower than water
Flammability: Flammable liquid and vapor
Upper/Lower Flammability or Explosive Limits: Lower 0.8%; Upper 11.8% by volume (ethanol component)
Vapor Pressure: 0.1 mmHg at 25°C (low volatility)
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Relative Density: 1.00–1.04 g/cm³ at 25°C
Solubility: Hydrolyzes slowly in water, soluble in most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient n-octanol/water: Approx. 4 (estimated)
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 230°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid, value varies by purity
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions, sensitive to moisture and acids or bases, hydrolyzes slowly in water
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: May react with water, acids, or strong bases, generates ethanol on hydrolysis, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, strong acids, moisture, storage in humid environments
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases, water, moisture-sensitive
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Silicon oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethanol, small quantities of unidentified organic compounds
Acute Toxicity: LD50 oral (rat): >5000 mg/kg; LD50 dermal (rabbit): >2000 mg/kg, low toxicity by inhalation
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes localized skin irritation or drying
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Provokes eye irritation, tearing, redness
Respiratory/Skin Sensitization: Not known to cause sensitization, limited data
Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged or repeated contact may cause dermatitis
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: No evidence in animal studies, not listed as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Reproductive Toxicity: No evidence available
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory tract
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation leads to dizziness, drowsiness, nausea; skin and eye contact cause irritation
Ecotoxicity: Not classified as hazardous to aquatic life, limited data, hydrolysis yields ethanol and silanols that further condense to silica
Aquatic Toxicity: Estimated LC50 (fish, 96 h): >100 mg/L; ethanol formed in aquatic conditions may present environmental hazard
Persistence and Degradability: Siloxane bonds hydrolyze in moist air producing ethanol, final degradation forms insoluble silica with minimal further ecological impact
Bioaccumulative Potential: Expected to have low bioaccumulation due to hydrolysis and conversion to inorganic silica
Mobility in Soil: Limited mobility due to hydrolytic transformation and subsequent binding to soil particles
Other Adverse Effects: Avoid uncontrolled discharge into the environment to minimize risk to aquatic and terrestrial life
Disposal Methods: Dispose of content and container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations, incineration at approved facility preferred for large-scale disposal
Container Disposal: Empty containers should be rinsed thoroughly, then offer for recycling if available or dispose of as hazardous waste
Special Precautions: Do not discharge untreated material to surface waters or sewage systems, consult local authorities for specific advice
Contaminated Packaging: Must be handled as hazardous waste unless confirmed clean
UN Number: UN 1993
UN Proper Shipping Name: Flammable Liquid, N.O.S. (contains 1,2-Bis(Triethoxysilyl)Ethane)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as a marine pollutant
Special Transport Precautions: Store upright, protect from moisture and high temperatures, label containers with flammable symbol
Transport in Bulk: Follow MARPOL and IBC Code for bulk chemical transport if shipped in tankers
TSCA Status (US): Listed
REACH Registration (EU): Registered consortia, refer to manufacturer for registration number
Safety, Health and Environmental Regulations: Complies with OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, SARA Title III does not list as a reportable substance, not regulated under California Proposition 65
Inventory Listings: Listed on Australia AICS, Canada DSL, China IECSC, Japan ENCS, Korea ECL, Philippines PICCS
Workplace Classification: Keep under review, varies by jurisdiction, refer to national and local hazardous chemical regulations for use and storage
