Product Name: 3-Isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane
Synonyms: Gamma-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, Silane, 3-(isocyanatopropyl)triethoxy-
CAS Number: 24801-88-5
Recommended Uses: Surface modifier, coupling agent for adhesives, sealants, and coatings
Supplier Details: Manufacturer or distributor contact information, address, and emergency phone number
Emergency Contact: Usually national poison control or CHEMTREC line
Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), skin and eye irritation, respiratory irritation, sensitization
Hazard Pictograms: GHS06 (skull and crossbones), GHS07 (exclamation mark), GHS08 (health hazard), GHS05 (corrosion)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin, or if inhaled. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage. May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all routes of exposure. Wear protective gloves, clothing, eye, and face protection. Do not breathe mist, vapors, or spray. Wash thoroughly after handling. Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
Chemical Name: 3-Isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane
CAS Number: 24801-88-5
Concentration: Usually provided as >95% purity for industrial applications
Impurities: Trace solvents, unreacted silanes, <1% byproduct from synthesis
Additional Components: Often contains stabilizers to reduce premature hydrolysis and polymerization, may contain less than 1% unknown stabilizer or solvent
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult. If breathing stops, use artificial respiration.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for persistent irritation or burns.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to remove. Call a physician right away.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth. Seek immediate medical advice. Never administer anything by mouth to an unconscious person.
Notes to Doctor: Treat symptomatically for isocyanate exposure. Pulmonary sensitization and delayed onset asthma may occur. Monitor respiratory function.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, foam, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam. Water may be ineffective—use water spray to cool containers.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct high volume water stream may spread fire or cause product to hydrolyze, producing heat and gases.
Specific Hazards: Exposure to heat or flames can generate toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, silicon oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. May produce hydrogen cyanide under improper combustion.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear.
Special Procedures: Remove containers from fire area if possible. Avoid inhaling gases, fumes, or vapors. Spray unopened containers with water to cool them.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate personnel, ventilate area. Wear appropriate protective equipment—respirator, goggles, chemically resistant gloves and suit.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, drains, water courses, or soil. Dike area if necessary to contain spill.
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb using inert materials like sand or vermiculite. Collect material in sealed containers for proper disposal. Ventilate and wash affected area with large amounts of water once cleaned. Decontaminate tools and surfaces using suitable neutralizing solutions (ammonia or strong detergent). Do not reuse cleaning materials.
Disposal of Collected Material: Follow disposal considerations as outlined below. Approach contaminated area with caution.
Handling: Handle in well-ventilated areas or fume hoods. Use closed systems to avoid exposure. Do not get on skin, eyes, or clothing. Do not breathe vapor or mist. Avoid all contact with water, alcohols, amines, or acids that may trigger hazardous reactions.
Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers, away from moisture, acids, bases, oxidizers, and heat sources. Store in original container in a dry, cool, well-ventilated location.
Incompatible Materials: Water, alcohols, strong acids, amines, and oxidizing agents.
Special Storage Considerations: Once container is opened, use product quickly or tightly reseal to prevent moisture ingress. Store below 30°C; do not freeze.
Secondary Containment: Use spill trays and flame-proof cabinets for bulk storage. Ensure access to eyewash stations and emergency showers.
Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV for this compound, but isocyanate values for similar substances apply. NIOSH REL (for isocyanates): 0.005 ppm TWA.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, process enclosures, or other controls to keep airborne levels below exposure limits.
Personal Protection: Wear NIOSH-approved respirators for organic vapors, chemical splash goggles, and chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile, butyl rubber). Full body coverall or apron depending on exposure risk. Remove contaminated clothing and wash thoroughly before reuse.
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands and face after handling. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in the work area. Handle only in environments where emergency eyewash and safety showers are nearby.
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Pungent, characteristic of isocyanates
Odor Threshold: Not available
Boiling Point: 257°C (495°F)
Melting Point: Not determined; liquid at room temperature
Flash Point: 109°C (closed cup method)
Evaporation Rate: Not determined
Flammability: Flammable liquid and vapor
Vapor Pressure: 0.13 mmHg at 25°C
Vapor Density: >1 (air = 1)
Solubility: Reacts with water to form insoluble polyureas
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Not determined
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not available
Decomposition Temperature: Not available
Viscosity: 5-10 mPa·s at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended handling and storage conditions
Reactivity: Reacts vigorously with water, alcohols, amines, acids—produces heat, CO2, and solid ureas or polyureas
Hazardous Polymerization: May occur under moisture or high temperatures
Decomposition Products: Isocyanates, siloxanes, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide (fire conditions)
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to moisture, high temperatures, strong acids, bases, and oxidizers
Incompatible Materials: Water, alcohols, amines, acids, and oxidizing agents
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 500-2000 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): 500-2000 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat, mist): 0.2-2 mg/l (4h)
Skin Irritation: Causes severe burns, redness, blistering, and pain
Eye Irritation: Causes serious eye damage, ulceration, potential blindness
Respiratory Sensitization: Inhalation can produce asthma and long-term sensitization
Skin Sensitization: May cause allergic dermatitis
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure can damage lungs, kidneys, liver. Possible reproductive toxicity.
Carcinogenicity: No IARC or NTP listing for this compound; isocyanates in general considered possible carcinogens
Other Information: Inhalation of low concentrations may induce respiratory symptoms in sensitized individuals. Onset can be delayed after exposure.
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Rapidly hydrolyzes in water, forming insoluble materials that can accumulate.
Persistence and Degradability: Product hydrolyzes in the presence of water; forms solid byproducts that do not biodegrade easily.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low for parent acid; hydrolysis products may adhere to soil particles and sediment.
Mobility in Soil: Low mobility. Reacts with water in soil to form immobile compounds.
Other Adverse Effects: Silane residues may cause pH shifts in aquatic environments. Isocyanate residues are toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates.
Disposal Methods: Collect waste and dispose of at an approved hazardous waste facility. Neutralize with ammonia solution or sodium bisulfite before disposal if regulations permit.
Container Disposal: Empty containers may contain product residue; do not reuse. Dispose of containers as hazardous waste.
Local Disposal Regulations: Follow all federal, state, and local regulations regarding disposal. Notify relevant authorities if significant environmental spills occur.
UN Number: UN 2929
Proper Shipping Name: Toxic liquid, organic, n.o.s. (contains 3-Isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Transport Labels: Toxic, Corrosive (as required by regulations)
Additional Transport Information: Keep containers tightly closed and upright. Transport in compliance with relevant international and national regulations (DOT, IMDG, IATA).
TSCA Status: Listed federally for industrial use.
OSHA Hazards: Acute toxicity, skin corrosion, respiratory sensitization, target organ effects
SARA Title III: Not specifically listed under Section 313, but may be regulated as an isocyanate compound
REACH Status (EU): Registrant-specific criteria may apply; always check regional regulations.
Other Regulations: Consult local and national regulatory agencies before use or disposal. Can trigger reporting requirements for hazardous materials, environmental safety, and worker protection.
