The journey of 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane stretches back to the late 20th century, when surface science took off and the demand for functional silane coupling agents surged. As industries sought stronger adhesion between inorganic materials and polymers, researchers focused on silane chemistry for consistent and durable results. The emergence of ureido-functional silanes filled a gap where previous agents failed to bridge organic and inorganic worlds effectively, especially in aggressive environments found in construction and electronics. Labs and pilot plants across North America, Europe, and Asia ramped up their work, drawing on lessons from decades of organosilane studies. The commercial release of ureido-modified silanes, including 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, marked a distinct advance as companies recognized its potential for tailored compatibility and hydrolytic stability.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane stands out due to the presence of a urea group attached to a propyl chain, which links to a silicon atom with three hydrolysable ethoxy groups. The compound usually comes as a clear or pale yellow liquid, with a faint amine-like odor. It demonstrates impressive versatility, finding applications from glass treatment and mineral fiber sizing to crosslinking agents in sealants and adhesives. The balanced hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments help anchor silane molecules onto various surfaces while leaving an organic-friendly zone that reacts or interacts with polymers. This chemical can build bridges at the nano and macroscale, supporting everything from automotive interiors to biomedical plastics.
Examining the compound’s makeup reveals a silicon atom at the core, linked to a propyl chain ending in a ureido group, with three ethoxy groups poised for hydrolytic action. The molecular formula—C10H24N2O4Si—translates into a molecular weight of roughly 276.39 g/mol. Its boiling point exceeds 270°C. Density typically falls between 1.05 and 1.10 g/cm³ at 25°C, though batches from different manufacturers may vary slightly. Solubility tends toward alcohols and other organic solvents, though water triggers rapid hydrolysis. The product can withstand a moderate range of temperatures but should not see extended exposure to high humidity before use. Hydrolyzed forms begin to condense at ambient temperatures, encouraging covalent attachment to mineral surfaces. This interplay of hydrolysis and condensation marks the compound’s effectiveness as a coupling and modifying agent.
Labels on commercial drums list the chemical as “3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane,” accompanied by identifiers like CAS Number 23843-64-3, UN shipping number, and appropriate hazard pictograms. Most supply sheets call for a purity above 97%, with minimal water content (usually under 0.5%). Hydrochloric acid or acetic acid often acts as a catalyst for the hydrolysis step. Drums and pails arrive lined with inert polymer barriers, since direct silane contact can attack uncoated metal over time. Safety Data Sheets spell out hazards including irritancy and the potential for allergic reactions, as well as recommendations for ventilated handling and chemical-resistant gloves. Storage in a cool, dry warehouse and avoidance of strong acids or bases in transit keeps the chemical stable before use.
Manufacturing starts with 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, with urea or a substitute amine and carbonyl source brought together under controlled temperature and pressure. The route typically relies on nucleophilic substitution: the chlorine atom gives way to a urea group under stirring, often catalyzed by a base. Careful timing, temperature regulation, and water exclusion protect the ethoxy groups. Purification relies on vacuum distillation and adsorptive drying. Labs verify the absence of unreacted starting material or hydrolyzed byproducts with GC-MS or NMR tests. Scaled-up synthesis follows a similar path, using jacketed reactors and nitrogen blankets to keep oxygen and moisture at bay. Waste from the process, especially traces of unreacted chlorosilane and caustic wash solutions, must be neutralized and disposed of according to chemical waste regulations.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane exhibits a knack for hydrolysis and condensation, which leads to robust Si-O-Si bonds with glass, metal oxides, and silicate surfaces. The ethoxy groups react with water to form silanols, which then self-condense or bond to mineral surfaces. The ureido end lends reactive possibilities; it takes part in hydrogen bonding, carbodiimide reactions, or isocyanate crosslinking. Industries seeking custom polymers or hybrid materials often modify the urea functionality for specific compatibility or reactivity. In lab applications, researchers incorporate the silane as a functional primer, sometimes reacting the ureido group further with low-weight polyols, acids, or alkoxides. Each tweak can shift the balance between bonding strength, hydrolytic stability, and compatibility with target matrices.
This compound shows up in chemical catalogs under several names: 3-(Ureido)propyltriethoxysilane, N-[3-(Triethoxysilyl)propyl]urea, and UPTES. Certain producers market it via proprietary names that combine manufacturer branding with reference to its ureido or silane functionality. As with many specialized chemicals, synonyms sometimes reflect differing conventions in organic and inorganic nomenclature. Checking Safety Data Sheets and regulatory documents helps match these variants to the same chemical backbone, which is crucial during procurement or regulatory filings.
Handling demands respect for its moderate toxicity and potential to irritate skin, eyes, or airways. Plant workers receive training in splash protection, including nitrile or neoprene gloves and full-face shields. Fume hoods or LEV systems minimize airborne concentrations, especially in larger batch operations. Regular monitoring of workplace air and quick clean-up plans for spills prevent chronic overexposure. Emergency eye wash stations should be nearby in all workspaces. Disposal of spills involves absorbent pads and neutralizers; liquids never enter drains without proper treatment. Adherence to published exposure limits and best engineering controls keeps long-term health risks in check. Teams routinely review incident reports and hazard communication documents for changes as toxicology updates roll in.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane carves out a space in industries that demand strong adhesion between disparate materials. The most widespread use sits in glass fiber sizing where the silane coats each filament, letting resin matrices wrap tightly and resisting delamination under stress. Concrete and masonry benefit from silane treatment, especially in water repellency and surface modification tasks. As a crosslinking agent, it shows up in silicone sealants and rubber compounds, enhancing strength and resistance to water uptake. Electric insulation and composite materials leverage its dual reactivity to join mineral fillers and organic polymers. Some medical device makers use a variant of the silane for stable attachment of proteins or drugs on biosurfaces. R&D teams keep finding ways to tweak the molecule to fit deeper into electronics, coatings, and specialty plastics.
R&D work around 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane looks into improved synthetic pathways, with a focus on greener chemistry and higher atom economy. Teams test novel catalysts to cut waste and increase conversion efficiency. University labs publish findings on how silane treatments modify the microstructure of composites, delivering better mechanical and durability profiles. Advances in analytical techniques—solid-state NMR, XPS, and HPLC—help teams trace exactly how the molecule arranges itself at surfaces and what breaks down under intense heat, UV, or chemical attack. Collaborations with industry keep the focus on real-world properties: faster cure rates, better shelf-life, or broader compatibility with new resins. Patents pile up around modified ureido groups and their impacts on crosslinking performance or environmental persistence.
Several toxicological studies cover short and long-term effects, both in animal systems and in vitro. Acute exposure tends to irritate skin and mucous membranes; inhalation of vapors can prompt coughing and throat discomfort. Chronic exposure links to mild dermatitis and, with higher concentrations, can impact kidney or liver function in test animals. The compound does not bioaccumulate, but hydrolysis products demand monitoring for aquatic toxicity. Regulatory assessments repeatedly call for careful handling and adherence to recommended exposure thresholds. Research continues on breakdown pathways in soils and water, with the aim to assure that use and disposal do not add persistent residues in the environment. Guidelines evolve as new studies fill gaps in knowledge, especially concerning metabolite formation and synergistic effects with other chemicals.
Looking down the road, there’s plenty of promise for this silane in sectors striving for better performance, durability, and longer service life. The drive toward lighter, stronger composite panels in transport and construction increases the call for agents that tie inorganic fillers to organic matrices with no loss in toughness. Efforts in eco-friendly chemistry put pressure on producers to sharpen synthetic efficiency, recycle waste, and design molecules with lower environmental footprints. Researchers pay close attention to how modified ureido groups might open fresh possibilities in drug delivery, biosensing, and smart coatings. As regulations tighten, transparent safety records and responsible manufacturing hold more weight than ever. The interplay between market demand, regulatory shifts, and innovation keeps the future of 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane and related molecules wide open for those willing to match chemistry to changing needs.
Chemistry classrooms don’t usually spend time on things like 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane. Even the name feels like a mouthful straight from a manufacturer’s catalog. In real life, though, this compound comes loaded with practical skill. It holds a unique spot for folks who build better plastics, adhesives, and coatings.
Silanes come in handy whenever different materials need help sticking together. Picture fiberglass. The glass fibers on their own won’t hold much if paired up with a plastic matrix. 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane acts like a bridge, holding glass and resin together tighter. Laminates and reinforced plastics inside cars and buildings stay tougher thanks to this bond. Nobody likes products that fall apart early, so boosting durability adds real value for engineers, manufacturers, and regular people alike.
I’ve worked around resins and adhesives, especially in flooring and construction. End-users tend to ask for longer-lasting joints and water resistance. This is where ureido-functional silanes like 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane stand out. Their unique structure lets them create bonds both with minerals or glass and organic polymers. Picture epoxy floors: when installers use silane-treated fillers, the coating bonds to the concrete, not just sitting on top. Water has a harder time seeping in, which means fewer repairs after a rough winter.
Years ago, I spent time at a facility trying to solve the mystery of blurry windshields. Turns out, the right silane treatment on glass makes anti-fogging and anti-scratch coatings last much longer. 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane helps generate a bond between glass and those high-performance coatings. Wear and tear go down, and products actually keep their benefits instead of peeling off or wearing out before their time.
Factories producing technical rubbers use this compound in silane coupling. Tires grip better and last longer. Industrial seals keep their elasticity in tough conditions. These improvements don’t just sound good on paper—the results play out on highways and workshops every day.
No chemical is all upside. Consumers have grown more aware of questions about chemical safety and environmental impact. Long chains of synthetic chemicals prompt worries about toxicity and persistence. Folks in European regulatory circles expect businesses to publish safety records and ecological impact. While modern silanes break down and don’t linger in the environment as badly as old-school compounds, factory safety practices still shape the risk profiles. By improving adhesion and protection, these products actually allow other industries to use less material or avoid layering extra chemicals for durability. That reduces waste down the road.
R&D keeps moving. Specialty silanes like 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane support the current drive for greener, lighter, and stronger materials. The fact that they help different worlds—glass, stone, plastic—work together means engineers face fewer limits. In my view, new adhesives, lighter electronics, and cleaner cars will lean heavily on this kind of chemistry. The more we learn about their role in real-world products, the more we can improve both the quality and sustainability of stuff we use every day. That’s the kind of impact every field should chase.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane plays a role in specialty coatings, adhesives, and even advanced composites. Storing this stuff, though, is not just about stacking bottles on a shelf and calling it a day. This compound gets picky about its surroundings, and ignoring that means clogged lines, spoiled batches, and health risks for anyone working close by.
Moisture and 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane do not belong in the same room. Each whiff of water in the air pushes it to start hydrolyzing. That basically triggers a chain reaction where the triethoxysilane groups on the molecule begin to break down, forming gels, clumps, and sometimes hard, unworkable solids. I saw a warehouse lose an entire drum of silane because somebody forgot to seal the container tightly. A few months later, the product turned into a lumpy mess, totally useless for production. Water vapor in the air is enough to begin this breakdown, so tight, airtight lids on every container—plastic or metal—aren’t optional.
Typical advice circles around storing this compound at ‘room temperature,’ but that general direction misses the point. Hot warehouses can speed up decomposition. Colder spaces can make it tough to handle, as silanes sometimes thicken or separate in chilly conditions. Shooting for 15°C to 25°C creates the sweet spot. I’ve worked in shops that dial in warehouse thermostats as much to protect the silanes as to keep workers comfortable. Keep silanes out of direct sunlight or near steam lines, since heat cooks them quicker than you think.
The triple threat—moisture, oxygen, and warmth—lays waste to silane stocks. Exposure to air means oxygen exposure, and oxygen can slowly oxidize the ureido group, dulling the molecule’s reactive punch. Whenever possible, containers should be filled right up to minimize headspace and reduce oxygen in contact with the liquid. Investing in nitrogen-swept storage for large containers helps too. A good friend once joked that the biggest enemy of a silane drum is “the air it breathes.” There’s real truth in that.
Glass, HDPE plastic, or well-lined steel drums get the job done. Some companies sell these compounds in pre-sealed aluminum pouches for lab use, which takes human error out of the equation. Skimping on the right material risks leaching, rust, or outright failure. I’ve come across corroded metal drum lids after months in a humid storage room—no one wants that surprise.
No one enjoys tracing back accidents to a missing label or ambiguous product name scrawled in marker. Legible, specific labeling on every container prevents mix-ups and saves hours down the line. Also, keeping absorbent materials and neutralizers nearby makes cleanup from accidental spills less of a panicked rush. Anyone prepping, measuring, or transferring the compound should suit up: goggles, gloves, and a chemical apron at minimum.
Wasted silane costs more than just money. Off-spec batches gum up equipment and ruin production runs. Well-kept stocks keep operations moving and keep workers safe. Double-check storage each month and you’ll avoid the biggest headaches this specialty chemical brings to the table.
The name “3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane” sounds intimidating, but it breaks down step by step. This compound connects the worlds of organosilicon chemistry and ureido functionality. The skeletal formula for this molecule comes out as C10H24N2O4Si. To lay it out plainly, it looks like this in terms of connectivity:
(C2H5O)3Si–(CH2)3–NH–CO–NH2
You get a silicon atom at the core, holding onto three ethoxy groups (O–C2H5) and one propyl chain. That chain ends in a urea-like unit: NH–CO–NH2. This fusion isn’t for the sake of molecular origami. The design brings together silane’s amazing ability to anchor on glass, metals, or minerals, with the reactivity of a ureido group familiar to anyone using urea resins or adhesives.
My first hands-on lab work landed me in a room with bottles of silanes, most of them pungent, most with names that look like chemical tongue-twisters. 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane stands out because its structure arms it for real-world tasks. The triethoxysilane part hydrolyzes on contact with moisture, turning into silanol groups that can grip onto surfaces. Its ureido end, packed with hydrogen bonding potential, helps it stick to organic matrices—think resins, plastics, coatings.
Researchers have explored organofunctional silanes like this for decades. Studies published in journals like the Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology show how ureido silanes enhance epoxy, polyurethane, or acrylic adhesives by bridging the gap between substrate and matrix. Instead of just acting as glue, they often improve chemical resistance or flexibility—two things that always trip up regular silanes.
Many people roll their eyes at specialty chemicals, but here’s where 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane makes a difference in the daily grind. Take an automotive assembly line surrounded by steel, glass, and composite plastic. Components treated with this silane cope better with physical stress and humidity. Coatings hit by sunlight and rain last longer, delamination slows down, and repainting or repair cycles shrivel.
It doesn’t end at big industry. In dental materials, ureido-silanes improve the bonding between glass fillers and the resin matrix, giving dental restorations longer lifetimes and reducing failures. Even scientists focused on environmental building standards, like LEED certification, have started seeking compounds that reduce toxicity and improve durability—both of which line up with properly formulated silane-modified films.
Not everything about 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane smells like roses. Anyone working with alkoxysilanes knows about hydrolysis and condensation blunders during processing. Poor mixing turns glassy coatings cloudy, surface energy shifts sabotage adhesion, and even small slips in humidity or pH during application can cascade into large-scale failures. It hits the wallet and public reputation.
The way out usually points toward training, process tweaks, and smarter formulations. Moisture management, controlling pH, and using additives that support hydrolysis in a controlled way solve practical problems. Safety matters too—like most organosilanes, this compound needs careful handling, proper PPE, and clean storage. Strategies that improve shelf life and ease of use support teams on the ground, not just folks in research labs.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane’s structure isn’t just a chemical curiosity. Years of real-world experiments and field data confirm how tweaking a little piece of a molecule can change the performance of whole industries—from adhesives in skyscrapers to resin in your dentist’s office. The science dives deep, but the outcomes hit regular lives in small and big ways.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane might not be a household name, but anyone working with silane coupling agents in industries like adhesives, coatings, or advanced materials has likely run into it. Chemically, this compound bridges organic and inorganic materials—improving bonding, which matters in everything from construction composites to automotive parts. With these benefits, it winds up in workspaces more than most realize, so people naturally ask: Is it hazardous? Is it toxic?
The first thing to recognize with 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane is its classification: most safety data sheets mark it as an irritant, not an acutely toxic substance. Eye and skin contact can cause redness, stinging, and discomfort, much like a lot of industrial chemicals. If inhaled in an unventilated lab, it can irritate lungs. Swallowing it isn’t wise—the digestive system isn’t fond of organosilanes. People working with this material, either in pilot plants or research labs, usually wear lab coats, gloves, and goggles. Respiratory protection comes into play for big handling jobs—think barrel transfers, not pipetting drops in a beaker.
No human has dropped dead from a dash of this silane, but animal tests, which manufacturers are required to run for regulatory reasons, do show modest toxicity at high doses. The LD50 in rats sits above 2000 mg per kg. In plain English: You’d need a massive amount to cause real systemic harm. Compare that with something like methanol, which is dangerous in much smaller quantities—this doesn’t mean silanes should be ignored, only that panic is not proportional to the risk if proper care is taken.
Most of us who work around silanes get training the first week on the job. Bosses and trainers don’t treat 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane as particularly scary. It doesn’t stink, it doesn’t fume off clouds, and getting it on gloves is mostly an exercise in cleaning up sticky residue, not evacuating the room. Accidents happen when someone gets careless—forgetting their gloves, splashing a bottle, skipping ventilation. The risk grows if people stop respecting the basic rules.
If you’ve ever dealt with chronic dermatitis or watched a colleague wheeze after not wearing their mask, you know how fast an “irritant” label can become a long-term issue. Repeat exposure builds up, especially among people who don’t have the luxury to swap out jobs. Respiratory irritation, cracked skin, or even rare allergy development shouldn’t be taken lightly. Plus, regulatory agencies keep updating what counts as safe—what slipped by ten years ago now gets flagged for close inspection.
No one needs to live in fear at work. Simple steps pay off: consistent use of gloves, goggles, and lab coats keeps most splashes and contact at bay. Good ventilation sucks up stray vapors. Getting familiar with the safety data sheet helps, instead of filing it away unopened. Training refreshers—real ones, not just digital checklists—give new and old staff tools they use when a bottle leaks or someone gets a drop on their hand. Chemical safety isn’t just a precaution, it’s insurance for everyone to go home healthy every day.
Environmental risk sits in the background, too. Keeping waste streams clear and avoiding spills keeps cleanup headaches to a minimum. A big player in hazard reduction: culture. People who speak up when something's off, or who pause the line for a check, set a tone where safety isn’t a speed bump—it's just the way work gets done.
3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane attracts a lot of attention in labs and production sites. Anyone working with industrial silanes knows it brings both potential and risk. This isn’t one of those chemicals you just eyeball and pour without thinking. On the safety side, personal experience taught me early that gloves aren’t optional and good ventilation makes all the difference. Chemical burns stay with you longer than a bad recipe, so don’t skimp on protection. Splash goggles, resistant gloves, and lab coats belong on every checklist. If you smell something sharp or sweet in the air, crank the fume hood or open the windows - the ethanol that comes with its hydrolysis doesn’t just smell, it carries risks.
Storage turns into a mess quickly if you skip steps. This silane reacts with moisture, and one cracked lid turns a bottle into sludge. I never keep it near sinks or on the lower shelf – that’s just asking for trouble. Dry, cool places—think a chemical fridge or sealed cabinet—help keep it stable. Silica gel packets in the container soak up stray water vapor, saving headaches later.
Let’s talk about application. 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane walks the line between useful and fussy. For adhesion promoters in paints or sealants, I always measure it by weight on a digital scale—never by eye—since a splash too much can throw off the formula. It’s tempting to dump it in, let it swirl, and call it done, but “measured patience” matters. I start by adding it slowly into alcohol or a solvent, then gradually into water if the process calls for it. If you rush, hydrolysis takes over or lumps form, and there go your results. Slow stirring, room temperature, and patience: every step counts. Anyone who has had a batch go cloudy knows the pain of skipping steps.
The science backs this up. NIOSH and the European Chemicals Agency both point out the importance of protecting skin and eyes, cautioning about inhalation, and recommend emergency eyewash and rinse stations in any workspace. That’s no joke; rinsing burns out with water for 15 minutes feels like an eternity but saves a lot of trouble. Safety Data Sheets don’t make gripping reading, but I always read the section about spill cleanup. Paper towels and a mop won’t cut it – kitty litter or binder works for soaking up spills, and double-bagging the waste avoids headaches later.
Waste disposal doesn’t get enough attention in small workshops or labs, and that’s a problem. Chemicals like this shouldn’t go down the drain or in general trash. Local authorities usually have disposal programs for industrial chemicals, and they take contaminated gloves, empty bottles, and rags. It’s just responsible practice, not just red tape. Neighbors and waterways don’t need a dose of reactive silane.
If I could give one piece of advice here, it’s to treat each step with respect, not just at the bench but every time you unlock the bottle. Handling and using 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane safely and well means snipping accidents at the root, respecting the chemistry, and holding yourself accountable for what happens in that workspace. People count on more than just formulas and datasheets – they count on habits and respect for the chemicals we use.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 3-[[(Diethoxy)silyl]propyl]urea |
| Other names |
gamma-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane N-[3-(Triethoxysilyl)propyl]urea Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane 3-(Triethoxysilyl)propylurea 3-Ureidopropyltriethoxysilane Silane, ureidopropyltriethoxy- |
| Pronunciation | /ˈjuːriːdoʊˌproʊpɪltraɪˌɛθɒksiˌsaɪleɪn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 23843-64-3 |
| Beilstein Reference | 2912349 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:78537 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2106569 |
| ChemSpider | 184798 |
| DrugBank | DB14606 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03be554c-9a56-46c6-bae3-6d8fe96d50ce |
| EC Number | 41051-80-5 |
| Gmelin Reference | Gmelin349730 |
| KEGG | C19664 |
| MeSH | D05.700.568.386.340.600 |
| PubChem CID | 101697312 |
| RTECS number | YR6470000 |
| UNII | SEV66337T5 |
| UN number | Not regulated |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID20141044 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C10H24N2O4Si |
| Molar mass | 222.32 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless to yellowish transparent liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.08 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble |
| log P | -2.3 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.4 hPa at 20 °C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 12.48 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 2.83 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -71.0E-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4200 |
| Viscosity | 2 cP |
| Dipole moment | 4.25 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 298.15 J/mol·K |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Causes serious eye irritation. Causes skin irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS07,GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P261, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | 97 °C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (Oral, Rat): > 2000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral (rat) 2000 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | Y0508 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL: Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 50-100 ppm |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane 3-Cyanopropyltriethoxysilane 3-Isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane 3-Glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane N-(2-Aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane |
