3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane stands out as a specialty silane coupling agent. Its structure features a propyl chain linked to a ureido group and three methoxy silane groups. This composition fuses organic and inorganic characteristics, opening up opportunities in different sectors. Manufacturers and chemists alike see this compound as a bridge between silicon-based surfaces and organic polymers, especially where improved adhesion and chemical compatibility count. Longtime users of this class of silanes know the benefits stem from the unique combination of functionalities found in every molecule.
Sitting on the bench, the material doesn’t have the fine powderiness you see with traditional silicas, nor does it feel oily like common silicones. In its purest form, 3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane frequently appears as a clear to slightly yellowish liquid, though solidified forms may show up as crystals, flakes, or pearls depending on storage conditions and temperature swings. The density typically falls close to 1.1 g/cm³, so measuring requires some accuracy when formulating solutions or blending in large batches. The melting point can be broad due to moisture absorption, sometimes shifting slightly in humid labs. Its solubility shows strong affinity for alcohols and water, creating clear solutions that researchers count on for even distribution. Flammability isn’t as severe as some hydrocarbon-based chemicals, yet following recommended storage and handling practices remains critical for laboratory and industrial settings.
The molecular formula—C7H18N2O4Si—maps out everything in the name. Each molecule brings a propyl backbone, a tight ureido group that assists in hydrogen bonding, and three methoxy groups attached to silicon. The molecular weight clocks in at about 222 grams per mole. Structural diagrams show how the silane end targets inorganic materials like glass or metal oxides, while the ureido handle reaches toward organic systems, especially polymers containing carbonyls or amines. Every technical data sheet includes typical purity levels, specific gravity, refractive index, and viscosity. When dealing with bulk quantities, customers ask for details like flash point, boiling point, storage recommendations, and precise concentration if provided as a premixed solution.
Plant floors and laboratories keep this silane on hand primarily as an adhesion promoter. It takes on a lead role in improving the compatibility of fillers or reinforcing agents in plastics, resins, and rubber. Foundational science backs up these claims—urethane and amide networks incorporate 3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane for thermal stability and strong interfacial bonds. I’ve watched manufacturers use this material for surface pretreatment, noticing substantial gains in moisture resistance and mechanical strength, especially in demanding composites. Material safety data gets close attention: although the compound doesn’t pose acute hazards at room temperature, eye and skin contact must be avoided. Inhalation of vapors may irritate airways. Proper ventilation, gloves, goggles, and standardized containers become the norm in responsible facilities.
Commercial suppliers obtain 3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane by reacting ureidoalkylamines with trimethoxysilane. Quality begins with upstream feedstocks—purity of amines, absence of residual alkoxides, and careful distillation lay the foundation for the final product’s reliability. Batches undergo regular third-party verification, both for chemical composition and for hazardous substance declarations—particularly REACH and TSCA compliance for solvents and building blocks. Packaging follows regulations for alkoxysilane-based goods, usually in lined drums or IBCs to reduce hydrolysis and help ensure safe transit.
Customs offices and importers reference the Harmonized System Code, typically under 2924199090 for amine derivatives containing silane functional groups. This code matters for tariff classification, shipping declarations, and safety paperwork during cross-border trade. Exporters regularly advise importers to review local chemical inventory status and hazard labeling to steer clear of delays or non-compliance fines.
Handling guidelines reflect the chemical’s moderate reactivity. Mixing with water initiates hydrolysis and releases methanol, so processes need robust ventilation and responsible disposal protocols. In the event of a spill, workers deploy absorbents on liquid and sweep up crystalline forms— disposal always aligns with local environmental and hazardous waste regulations. The substance doesn’t bioaccumulate but shows moderate aquatic toxicity at elevated concentrations, affecting fish and algae. Waste treatment teams neutralize process water before going downstream. Implementation of closed-process loops, along with in-plant training, reduces exposure risk and supports worker safety.
Chemical managers weigh risks daily: the most pressing with 3-Ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane ties to inhalation and methanol generation during hydrolysis. As a solution, many plants install fume hoods and local exhaust ventilation at blending stations. Staff participate in safety drills, emphasizing emergency eyewash and respirator fit checks. Routine literature reviews help labs and plants stay updated on changes in hazard assessment and permissible exposure limits from regulatory agencies like OSHA and ECHA. Forward-thinking suppliers develop lower-hazard blends by reducing free alkoxy silanes, helping facilities align material use with green chemistry principles.
The market for ureido-functional silanes grows as composite materials become essential in construction, automotive, and electronics. Research teams search for alternatives with lower toxicity profiles and better environmental footprints. Ongoing improvements in synthesis and purification drive down impurities, supporting tighter product specifications. Demand persists for transparent supply chains, harmonized labeling, and digital documentation, especially as engineers and scientists focus on sustainability without sacrificing performance.
